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wxWidgets/docs/gtk/install.md
Paul Cornett 9f3ad89ba9 Update some documentation to reflect change of default GTK version for configure 
Make some other feeble attempts to update these very outdated files, including
dropping '+' from GTK, and most references to GTK 1.
2020-04-25 08:39:42 -07:00

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wxWidgets for GTK installation {#plat_gtk_install}
-------------------------------
[TOC]
IMPORTANT NOTE:
If you experience problems installing, please re-read these
instructions and other related files (todo.txt, bugs.txt and
osname.txt for your platform if it exists) carefully before
mailing wxwin-users or the author. Preferably, try to fix the
problem first and then send a patch to the author.
When sending bug reports tell us what version of wxWidgets you are
using (including the beta) and what compiler on what system. One
example: wxGTK 3.0.5, GCC 9.3.1, Fedora 31
Installation {#gtk_install}
============
The simplest case {#gtk_simple}
-------------------
If you compile wxWidgets on Linux for the first time and don't like to read
install instructions just do (in the base dir):
> mkdir buildgtk
> cd buildgtk
> ../configure --with-gtk
> make
> su <type root password>
> make install
> ldconfig
[if you get "ldconfig: command not found", try using "/sbin/ldconfig"]
If you don't do the 'make install' part, you can still use the libraries from
the buildgtk directory, but they may not be available to other users.
If you want to remove wxWidgets on Unix you can do this:
> su <type root password>
> make uninstall
> ldconfig
Note that by default, GTK 3 is used. GTK 2 can be specified
with --with-gtk=2.
The expert case {#gtk_expert}
-----------------
If you want to do some more serious cross-platform programming with wxWidgets,
such as for GTK and Motif, you can now build two complete libraries and use
them concurrently. To do this, create a separate directory for each build
of wxWidgets - you may also want to create different versions of wxWidgets
and test them concurrently. Most typically, this would be a version configured
with --enable-debug and one without.
For building three versions (one GTK, one Motif and a debug version of the GTK
source) you'd do this:
mkdir buildmotif
cd buildmotif
../configure --with-motif
make
cd ..
mkdir buildgtk
cd buildgtk
../configure --with-gtk
make
cd ..
mkdir buildgtkd
cd buildgtkd
../configure --with-gtk --enable-debug
make
cd ..
Note that you can install all those libraries concurrently, you just need to
pass the appropriate flags when using them.
The simplest errors {#gtk_errors_simple}
---------------------
For any configure errors: please look at config.log file which was generated
during configure run, it usually contains some useful information.
configure reports, that you don't have GTK 1.2/2.0/3.0 installed although you
are very sure you have. Well, you have installed it, but you also have another
version of the GTK installed, which you may need to remove including other
versions of glib (and its headers). Or maybe you installed it in a non-default
location and configure can't find it there, so please check that your PATH
variable includes the path to the correct gtk-config/pkg-config. Also check
that your LD_LIBRARY_PATH or equivalent variable contains the path to GTK
libraries if they were installed in a non-default location.
You get errors from make: please use GNU make instead of the native make
program. Currently wxWidgets can be built only with GNU make, BSD make and
Solaris make. Other versions might work or not (any which don't have VPATH
support definitely won't).
You get errors during compilation: The reason is that you probably have a
broken compiler. GCC 2.8 and earlier versions and egcs are likely to cause
problems due to incomplete support for C++ and optimisation bugs. Best to use
GCC 2.95 or later.
You get immediate segfault when starting any sample or application: This is
either due to having compiled the library with different flags or options than
your program - typically you might have the `__WXDEBUG__` option set for the
library but not for your program - or due to using a compiler with optimisation
bugs.
The simplest program {#gtk_simple_app}
----------------------
Now create your super-application myfoo.cpp and compile anywhere with
g++ myfoo.cpp `wx-config --libs --cxxflags` -o myfoo
GUI libraries {#gtk_libs_gui}
---------------
wxWidgets/GTK requires the GTK library to be installed on your system.
You can get the newest version of GTK from the GTK homepage at:
http://www.gtk.org
Additional libraries {#gtk_libs_misc}
----------------------
wxWidgets/Gtk requires a thread library and X libraries known to work with
threads. This is the case on all commercial Unix-Variants and all
Linux-Versions that are based on glibc 2 except RedHat 5.0 which is broken in
many aspects. As of writing this, virtually all Linux distributions have
correct glibc 2 support.
You can disable thread support by running
./configure --disable-threads
make
su <type root password>
make install
ldconfig
exit
Building wxGTK on Cygwin {#gtk_cygwin}
--------------------------
The normal build instructions should work fine on Cygwin. The one difference
with Cygwin is that when using the "--enable-shared" configure option (which
is the default) the API is exported explicitly using __declspec(dllexport)
rather than all global symbols being available.
This shouldn't make a difference using the library and should be a little
more efficient. However if an export attribute has been missed somewhere you
will see linking errors. If this happens then you can work around the
problem by setting LDFLAGS=-Wl,--export-all-symbols. Please also let us know
about it on the wx-dev mailing list.
Create your configuration {#gtk_config}
---------------------------
Usage:
./configure options
If you want to use system's C and C++ compiler,
set environment variables CC and CXX as
% setenv CC cc
% setenv CXX CC
% ./configure [options]
to see all the options please use:
./configure --help
It is recommended to build wxWidgets in another directory (maybe a
subdirectory of your wxWidgets installation) as this allows you to
have multiple configurations (for example, debug and release or GTK
and Motif) simultaneously.
General options {#gtk_options}
-----------------
Given below are the commands to change the default behaviour,
i.e. if it says "--disable-threads" it means that threads
are enabled by default.
Normally, you won't have to choose a toolkit, because when
you download wxGTK, it will default to --with-gtk etc. But
if you use the git repository you have to choose a toolkit.
You must do this by running configure with either of:
--with-gtk=3 Use GTK 3. Default.
--with-gtk=2 Use GTK 2.
--with-gtk=1 Use GTK 1.2.
The following options handle the kind of library you want to build.
--disable-threads Compile without thread support.
--disable-shared Do not create shared libraries, but
build static libraries instead.
--enable-monolithic Build wxWidgets as single library instead
of as several smaller libraries (which is
the default since wxWidgets 2.5.0).
--disable-optimise Do not optimise the code. Can
sometimes be useful for debugging
and is required on some architectures
such as Sun with gcc 2.8.X which
would otherwise produce segvs.
--enable-unicode Enable Unicode support.
--enable-profile Add profiling info to the object
files. Currently broken, I think.
--enable-no_rtti Enable compilation without creation of
C++ RTTI information in object files.
This will speed-up compilation and reduce
binary size.
--enable-no_exceptions Enable compilation without creation of
C++ exception information in object files.
This will speed-up compilation and reduce
binary size. Also fewer crashes during the
actual compilation...
--enable-permissive Enable compilation without checking for strict
ANSI conformance. Useful to prevent the build
dying with errors as soon as you compile with
Solaris' ANSI-defying headers.
--enable-mem_tracing Add built-in memory tracing.
--enable-dmalloc Use the dmalloc memory debugger.
Read more at www.letters.com/dmalloc/
--enable-debug_info Add debug info to object files and
executables for use with debuggers
such as gdb (or its many frontends).
--enable-debug_flag Define __DEBUG__ and __WXDEBUG__ when
compiling. This enable wxWidgets' very
useful internal debugging tricks (such
as automatically reporting illegal calls)
to work. Note that program and library
must be compiled with the same debug
options.
--enable-debug Same as --enable-debug_info and
--enable-debug_flag together. Unless you have
some very specific needs, you should use this
option instead of --enable-debug_info/flag ones
separately.
Feature Options {#gtk_feature_options}
-----------------
When producing an executable that is linked statically with wxGTK
you'll be surprised at its immense size. This can sometimes be
drastically reduced by removing features from wxWidgets that
are not used in your program. The most relevant such features
are
--without-libpng Disables PNG image format code.
--without-libjpeg Disables JPEG image format code.
--without-libtiff Disables TIFF image format code.
--without-expat Disable XML classes based on Expat parser.
--disable-pnm Disables PNM image format code.
--disable-gif Disables GIF image format code.
--disable-pcx Disables PCX image format code.
--disable-iff Disables IFF image format code.
--disable-resources Disables the use of *.wxr type resources.
--disable-threads Disables threads. Will also disable sockets.
--disable-sockets Disables sockets.
--disable-dnd Disables Drag'n'Drop.
--disable-clipboard Disables Clipboard.
--disable-serial Disables object instance serialisation.
--disable-streams Disables the wxStream classes.
--disable-file Disables the wxFile class.
--disable-textfile Disables the wxTextFile class.
--disable-intl Disables the internationalisation.
--disable-validators Disables validators.
--disable-accel Disables accelerators support.
Apart from disabling certain features you can very often "strip"
the program of its debugging information resulting in a significant
reduction in size.
Please see the output of "./configure --help" for comprehensive list
of all configurable options.
Compiling {#gtk_compling}
-----------
The following must be done in the base directory (e.g. ~/wxGTK
or ~/wxWin or whatever)
Now the makefiles are created (by configure) and you can compile
the library by typing:
make
make yourself some coffee, as it will take some time. On an old
386SX possibly two weeks. During compilation, you'll get a few
warning messages depending in your compiler.
If you want to be more selective, you can change into a specific
directory and type "make" there.
Then you may install the library and its header files under
/usr/local/include/wx and /usr/local/lib respectively. You
have to log in as root (i.e. run "su" and enter the root
password) and type
make install
You can remove any traces of wxWidgets by typing
make uninstall
If you want to save disk space by removing unnecessary
object-files:
make clean
in the various directories will do the work for you.
Creating a new Project {#gtk_new_project}
--------------------------
1. The first way uses the installed libraries and header files
automatically using wx-config
g++ myfoo.cpp `wx-config --cxxflags --libs` -o myfoo
Using this way, a make file for the minimal sample would look
like this
CXX = g++
minimal: minimal.o
$(CXX) -o minimal minimal.o `wx-config --libs`
minimal.o: minimal.cpp
$(CXX) `wx-config --cxxflags` -c minimal.cpp -o minimal.o
clean:
rm -f *.o minimal
If your application uses only some of wxWidgets libraries, you can
specify required libraries when running wx-config. For example,
`wx-config --libs=html,core` will only output link command to link
with libraries required by core GUI classes and wxHTML classes. See
the manual for more information on the libraries.
2. The other way creates a project within the source code
directories of wxWidgets. For this endeavour, you'll need
GNU autoconf version 2.14 and add an entry to your Makefile.in
to the bottom of the configure.in script and run autoconf
and configure before you can type make.
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