wxBook mods.
git-svn-id: https://svn.wxwidgets.org/svn/wx/wxWidgets/trunk@8101 c3d73ce0-8a6f-49c7-b76d-6d57e0e08775
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\documentstyle[a4,11pt,makeidx,verbatim,texhelp,fancyheadings,palatino]{report}
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\documentstyle[a4,11pt,makeidx,verbatim,texhelp,fancyheadings,palatino]{report}
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% JACS: doesn't make it through Tex2RTF, sorry. I will put it into texhelp.sty
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%
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% since Tex2RTF doesn't parse it.
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% BTW, style MUST be report for it to work for Tex2RTF.
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%KB:
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%\addtolength{\textwidth}{1in}
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%\addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-0.5in}
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%\addtolength{\topmargin}{-0.5in}
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%\addtolength{\textheight}{1in}
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%\sloppy
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%end of my changes
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\newcommand{\indexit}[1]{#1\index{#1}}%
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\newcommand{\indexit}[1]{#1\index{#1}}%
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\newcommand{\pipe}[0]{$\|$\ }%
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%\special{!/@scaleunit 1 def}
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%\special{!/@scaleunit 1 def}
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\parskip=10pt
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\parskip=10pt
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\parindent=0pt
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\parindent=0pt
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%
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\title{Multiplatform application development with wxWindows}
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\title{Multiplatform application development with wxWindows}
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\winhelponly{\author{by Julian Smart et al
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\author{Julian Smart, Robert Roebling, Vadim Zeitlin, Robin Dunn, et al}
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%\winhelponly{\\$$\image{1cm;0cm}{wxwin.wmf}$$}
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}}
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\winhelpignore{\author{Julian Smart, Robert Roebling, Vadim Zeitlin,
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Robin Dunn, et al}
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\date{August 13th 2000}
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\date{August 13th 2000}
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}
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%
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\makeindex
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\makeindex
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\begin{document}
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\begin{document}
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\maketitle
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\maketitle
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@@ -43,6 +31,9 @@ Robin Dunn, et al}
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\pagenumbering{roman}
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\pagenumbering{roman}
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\tableofcontents
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\tableofcontents
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% Acknowledgements
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\input chap\_acknowledge.tex
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%
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% Chapter 01: Introduction, advocacy, etc.
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% Chapter 01: Introduction, advocacy, etc.
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\input chap\_intro.tex
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\input chap\_intro.tex
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%
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%
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9
docs/latex/book/chap_acknowledge.tex
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9
docs/latex/book/chap_acknowledge.tex
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\chapter*{Acknowledgements}\label{chapacknowledgements}
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\pagenumbering{arabic}%
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\setheader{{\it CHAPTER \thechapter: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS}}{}{}{}{}{{\it CHAPTER \thechapter: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS}}%
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\setfooter{\thepage}{}{}{}{}{\thepage}%
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We would like to acknowledge the help of the following people.
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(Insert list of people here.)
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@@ -3,5 +3,166 @@
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\setheader{{\it CHAPTER \thechapter: INTRODUCING wxWINDOWS}}{}{}{}{}{{\it CHAPTER \thechapter: INTRODUCING wxWINDOWS}}%
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\setheader{{\it CHAPTER \thechapter: INTRODUCING wxWINDOWS}}{}{}{}{}{{\it CHAPTER \thechapter: INTRODUCING wxWINDOWS}}%
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\setfooter{\thepage}{}{}{}{}{\thepage}%
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\setfooter{\thepage}{}{}{}{}{\thepage}%
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Introduction, advocacy, etc.
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\section{The need for portability}
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Not so long ago, it seemed as though Microsoft was on course to
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take over the desktop for good with the Windows range of
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operating systems. Unix was retreating to server territory and
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had all but given up the fight against NT. Apple was sickening
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and it seemed almost common sense that the quirky Mac had had
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its day.
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At the start of the new century, the picture has changed quite
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dramatically. Linux is advancing from its position of strength
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in the server market and is poised to make inroads on the
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desktop, where the high price of Windows gives it an advantage.
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Apple has made an impressive comeback and is revamping its own
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operating system. The embedded market continues to explode and
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has given rise to new niches for specialist operating systems.
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The keyword bow is diversity, when the best guess of a few years
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was that Microsoft would conquer all. More than ever,
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application developers need to keep their options open and
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targeting one platform only can be a recipe for commercial (or
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open source) disaster.
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In the light of this change in the computing landscape,
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cross-platform development (or multiplatform development as we
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call it in this book) has become quite a hot and sometimes
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bitterly controversial topic. There are a number of ways to
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achieve the goal of portability, and many tools and languages to choose from.
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However, it is still generally agreed wisdom that C++ is the
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language of choice for desktop applications that depend on
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speed, ease of delivery and compatibility with billions of lines
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of existing code. Plus, there are many hundreds of thousands of
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developers now experienced in C++ programming.
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The purpose of this book is to give you (the developer or
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interested manager) a solid grounding in one increasingly
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popular multiplatform solution: wxWindows. wxWindows is an open
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source GUI toolkit that has been on the scene since 1993 and has
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reached a high degree of stability and functionality. It is
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available for Linux (and most other Unix variants), all desktop
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versions of Microsoft Windows, and Mac. Other ports are in
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progress.
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\section{Why wxWindows?}
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While wxWindows is labelled a GUI development toolkit, it is in
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fact much more than that and has many features that are useful
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for many aspects of application development. This has to
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be the case, since the whole of a wxWindows application needs to
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be portable to different platforms, and not just the GUI
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component. So wxWindows provides classes for working with files
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and streams, multithreading, management of application settings,
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interprocess communication, and much else.
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wxWindows is open source, with a vibrant developer and user
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community, and may be used in any proprietary or non-proprietary
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project. wxWindows encompasses the whole spectrum of users from
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one-man software outfits to big-name companies such as Xerox,
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Lockheed-Martin, Pratt and Whitney, and Motorola; from computer
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science departments to medical research groups; from ecological
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research, to the telecommunications industry, and in a myriad of
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open source projects.
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When you use wxWindows you tap into an astonishing talent pool,
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with contributors from a wide range of backgrounds. Many aspects
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of application development that you might otherwise have to
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laboriously code yourself have been encapsulated by these
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developers in easy-to-use classes that you can plug into your
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code. Since there are a lot of people subscribed to the mailing
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lists, you'll enjoy discussions not only about wxWindows but
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often other matters close to the hearts of both experienced and
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inexperienced developers. And hopefully, one day you'll join in the
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success of wxWindows and become a contributor yourself!
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\section{The history of wxWindows}
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wxWindows was started in 1992 at the Artificial Intelligence
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Applications Institute, University of Edinburgh, by Julian
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Smart. Julian was designing a kind of meta-CASE tool called
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Hardy which needed to run on Windows as well as X-based Unix
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workstations. The existing commercial cross-platform tools were
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deemed too expensive for an in-house experimental project, so
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the only alternative was to build one. wxWindows (w for Microsoft
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Windows, x for the X Windowing System) started off with support for XView and MFC 1.0, and
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AIAI allowed it to be released to the Internet. As it became
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clear that XView was doomed, a Motif port was written. Borland
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C++ users began to request a version that was not dependent on
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MFC, so the Windows port was rewritten to use the native Windows
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API. Over time, a small but enthusiastic community of wxWindows
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users was established and a mailing list set up. Contributions
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and fixes were sent in, the largest contributions being the Mac
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and Xt ports. wxWindows gradually picked up more and more users
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from all over the world: commercial, government, and - most
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gratifying of all - company users who found that wxWindows
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offered a better product, and better support, than the
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commercial products they had looked at or used.
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During 1995, Markus Holzem released his port of wxWindows to Xt,
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the X toolkit. This meant that software could be written that
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would work on X systems without the need for installing Motif,
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which is a commercial product.
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In 1996, Julian left AIAI to pursue freelance consultancy, and
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there were few new releases. The seemingly unstoppable advance
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of Java was throwing some doubt on the future of C++ libraries.
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After many contributions, the wxWindows code was looking rather
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tired and in need of a serious rethink. At the start of 1997 it
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was make or break time - call it a day and move onto other
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things, or commit to re-engineering wxWindows with an API that
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was flexible enough for current and future user interface
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trends, with more 'widgets', and better use of C++. After an
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exchange between Julian Smart and Markus Holzem (the author of
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the Xt port), it was decided that it was worthwhile. Julian
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would do the Windows port, Markus the combined Motif/Xt port,
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with both contributing to the generic parts. wxWindows 2 API
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ideas and code started to take shape.
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During 1997 an effort to produce a standard Linux desktop
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environment was underway - GNOME. Its widget set was GTK+, built
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on top of X11 and it looked as though GTK+-based apps were to
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become the standard in the Linux universe. Its one major problem
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- GTK+ was C-based, and only a thin (and unportable) C++ wrapper
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existed for it. In August 1997, Wolfram Gloger made a suggestion
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that wxWindows 2 should be ported to GTK+ - Robert Roebling had
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initial reservations, but in general supported the idea. He
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became the prime mover for wxGTK and alphas were made available
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at the beginning of 1998. In May 1998 the Windows and GTK+ ports
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were merged and put into a CVS repository made available to all
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contributors to wxWindows.
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Markus Holzem had to drop out of the wxWindows 2 effort in early
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1998, but Julian Smart started a new wxMotif port. The idea of
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an Xt port was dropped, since there remain two possibilities for
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free Unix programming with wxWindows: wxGTK, and wxMotif with
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the Motif clone Lesstif.
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In September 1998, Stefan Csomor started a new version of the
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wxMac 2 port based in part on Greg Whitehead's initial work.
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Several releases have been made and the code will be integrated
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into the main CVS stream in Summer 2000.
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David Webster and Stefan Neis are working on an OS/2 port, and
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interest has been expressed in ports to other systems, such as
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BeOS.
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wxWindows 2.1.11 saw the bundling of Vaclav Slavik's impressive
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wxHTML classes, with subsequent enhancements including
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print/preview ability, and a helpview application and help
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controller class for cross-platform HTML help. wxHTML gives
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applications easy access to enviable formatted text viewing and
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reporting capabilities.
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During 2000 wxWindows will adopt Vaclav's XML resource system
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as a replacement for the WXR system; this will allow much
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greater flexibility and portability with support for
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sizers and many more controls than WXR.
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\section{How to use this book}
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The chapters in this book are meant to be fairly independent, but
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as usual, the ordering reflects a progression from basic concepts
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to more advanced ones, so the first few chapters at least
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should be read consecutively for best effect.
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Reference in New Issue
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