patch [ 762159 ] scroll sample auto-scroll test

git-svn-id: https://svn.wxwidgets.org/svn/wx/wxWidgets/trunk@30625 c3d73ce0-8a6f-49c7-b76d-6d57e0e08775

samples/scroll/scroll.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
  *
  * Copyright: (C) 1998, Robert Roebling
  *                2002, Ron Lee
+ *                2003, Matt Gregory
  *
  */
 
@@ -134,6 +135,48 @@ public:
     virtual void OnDraw(wxDC& dc);
 };
 
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow: implements a text viewer with simple blocksize
+//                             selection to test auto-scrolling functionality
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow : public wxScrolledWindow
+{
+protected:  // member data
+    // test data variables
+    static const wxChar* sm_testData;
+    static const int sm_lineCnt; // line count
+    static const int sm_lineLen; // line length in characters
+    // sizes for graphical data
+    wxCoord m_fontH, m_fontW;
+    // selection tracking
+    wxPoint m_selStart; // beginning of blockwise selection
+    wxPoint m_cursor;   // end of blockwise selection (mouse position)
+
+protected:  // gui stuff
+    wxFont m_font;
+
+public: // interface
+    MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow( wxWindow* parent );
+    wxRect DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(wxRect updRect) const;
+    wxPoint DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(wxPoint pos) const;
+    wxPoint GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(wxPoint pos) const;
+    wxRect LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars(wxRect updRect) const;
+    wxPoint LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars(wxPoint pos) const;
+    wxPoint GraphicalCharToLogicalCoords(wxPoint pos) const;
+    void MyRefresh();
+    bool IsSelected(int chX, int chY) const;
+    static bool IsInside(int k, int bound1, int bound2);
+    static wxRect DCNormalize(wxCoord x, wxCoord y, wxCoord w, wxCoord h);
+
+protected: // event stuff
+    DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
+    void OnDraw(wxDC& dc);
+    void OnMouseLeftDown(wxMouseEvent& event);
+    void OnMouseLeftUp(wxMouseEvent& event);
+    void OnMouseMove(wxMouseEvent& event);
+    void OnScroll(wxScrollWinEvent& event);
+};
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // MyFrame
@@ -156,7 +199,9 @@ public:
     DECLARE_EVENT_TABLE()
 };
 
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // MyApp
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 class MyApp: public wxApp
 {
@@ -164,7 +209,10 @@ public:
     virtual bool OnInit();
 };
 
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // main program
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 IMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp)
 
@@ -178,7 +226,9 @@ const long   ID_QUERYPOS    = wxNewId();
 
 const long   ID_NEWBUTTON   = wxNewId();
 
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // MyCanvas
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 IMPLEMENT_DYNAMIC_CLASS(MyCanvas, wxScrolledWindow)
 
@@ -343,7 +393,9 @@ void MyCanvas::OnScrollWin( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
     Scroll( -1, y+2 );
 }
 
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // MyAutoScrollWindow
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 const long   ID_RESIZEBUTTON = wxNewId();
 const wxSize SMALL_BUTTON( 100, 50 );
@@ -418,7 +470,9 @@ void MyAutoScrollWindow::OnResizeClick( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED( event ) )
     FitInside();
 }
 
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // MyFrame
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 const long ID_QUIT       = wxNewId();
 const long ID_ABOUT      = wxNewId();
@@ -436,7 +490,7 @@ END_EVENT_TABLE()
 
 MyFrame::MyFrame()
        : wxFrame( (wxFrame *)NULL, wxID_ANY, _T("wxScrolledWindow sample"),
-                  wxPoint(20,20), wxSize(470,500) )
+                  wxPoint(20,20), wxSize(800,500) )
 {
     wxMenu *file_menu = new wxMenu();
     file_menu->Append( ID_DELETE_ALL, _T("Delete all"));
@@ -455,7 +509,9 @@ MyFrame::MyFrame()
     SetStatusWidths( 2, widths );
 #endif // wxUSE_STATUSBAR
 
-    wxBoxSizer *topsizer = new wxBoxSizer( wxVERTICAL );
+     wxBoxSizer *topsizer = new wxBoxSizer( wxHORIZONTAL );
+     // subsizer splits topsizer down the middle
+     wxBoxSizer *subsizer = new wxBoxSizer( wxVERTICAL );
 
     // Setting an explicit size here is superfluous, it will be overridden
     // by the sizer in any case.
@@ -464,14 +520,17 @@ MyFrame::MyFrame()
     // This is done with ScrollRate/VirtualSize in MyCanvas ctor now,
     // both should produce identical results.
     //m_canvas->SetScrollbars( 10, 10, 50, 100 );
-
+ 
-    topsizer->Add( m_canvas, 1, wxEXPAND );
+    subsizer->Add( m_canvas, 1, wxEXPAND );
-    topsizer->Add( new MyAutoScrollWindow( this ), 1, wxEXPAND );
+    subsizer->Add( new MyAutoScrollWindow( this ), 1, wxEXPAND );
 
     wxSizer *sizerBtm = new wxBoxSizer(wxHORIZONTAL);
     sizerBtm->Add( new MyScrolledWindowDumb(this), 1, wxEXPAND );
     sizerBtm->Add( new MyScrolledWindowSmart(this), 1, wxEXPAND );
-    topsizer->Add( sizerBtm, 1, wxEXPAND );
+    subsizer->Add( sizerBtm, 1, wxEXPAND );
+
+    topsizer->Add( subsizer, 1, wxEXPAND );
+    topsizer->Add( new MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow( this ), 1, wxEXPAND );
 
     SetSizer( topsizer );
 }
@@ -493,12 +552,14 @@ void MyFrame::OnQuit( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 
 void MyFrame::OnAbout( wxCommandEvent &WXUNUSED(event) )
 {
-  (void)wxMessageBox( _T("wxScroll demo\n")
+   (void)wxMessageBox( _T("wxScroll demo\n")
-                      _T("Robert Roebling (c) 1998\n")
+                       _T("Robert Roebling (c) 1998\n")
-                      _T("Autoscrolling examples\n")
+                       _T("Autoscrolling examples\n")
-                      _T("Ron Lee (c) 2002"),
+                       _T("Ron Lee (c) 2002\n")
-                      _T("About wxScroll Demo"),
+                       _T("Auto-timed-scrolling example\n")
-                      wxICON_INFORMATION | wxOK );
+                       _T("Matt Gregory (c) 2003\n"),
+                       _T("About wxScroll Demo"),
+                       wxICON_INFORMATION | wxOK );
 }
 
 //-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -563,3 +624,435 @@ void MyScrolledWindowSmart::OnDraw(wxDC& dc)
         y += m_hLine;
     }
 }
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+BEGIN_EVENT_TABLE(MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow, wxScrolledWindow)
+    EVT_LEFT_DOWN(OnMouseLeftDown)
+    EVT_LEFT_UP(OnMouseLeftUp)
+    EVT_MOTION(OnMouseMove)
+    EVT_SCROLLWIN(OnScroll)
+END_EVENT_TABLE()
+
+MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow(wxWindow* parent)
+    : wxScrolledWindow(parent, -1, wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize
+            //, wxSUNKEN_BORDER) // can't seem to do it this way
+            , wxVSCROLL | wxHSCROLL | wxSUNKEN_BORDER)
+    , m_selStart(-1, -1), m_cursor(-1, -1)
+    , m_font(9, wxFONTFAMILY_TELETYPE, wxFONTSTYLE_NORMAL
+            , wxFONTWEIGHT_NORMAL)
+{
+    wxClientDC dc(this);
+    // query dc for text size
+    dc.SetFont(m_font);
+    dc.GetTextExtent(wxString(_T("A")), &m_fontW, &m_fontH);
+    // set up the virtual window
+    SetScrollbars(m_fontW, m_fontH, sm_lineLen, sm_lineCnt);
+}
+
+wxRect MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars
+        (wxRect updRect) const
+{
+    wxPoint pos(updRect.GetPosition());
+    pos = DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(pos);
+    updRect.x = pos.x;
+    updRect.y = pos.y;
+    updRect.width /= m_fontW;
+    updRect.height /= m_fontH;
+    // the *CoordsToGraphicalChars() funcs round down to upper-left corner,
+    //   so an off-by-one correction is needed
+    ++updRect.width; // kludge
+    ++updRect.height; // kludge
+    return updRect;
+}
+
+wxPoint MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars
+        (wxPoint pos) const
+{
+    pos.x /= m_fontW;
+    pos.y /= m_fontH;
+    int vX, vY;
+    GetViewStart(&vX, &vY);
+    pos.x += vX;
+    pos.y += vY;
+    return pos;
+}
+
+wxPoint MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords
+        (wxPoint pos) const
+{
+    int vX, vY;
+    GetViewStart(&vX, &vY);
+    pos.x -= vX;
+    pos.y -= vY;
+    pos.x *= m_fontW;
+    pos.y *= m_fontH;
+    return pos;
+}
+
+wxRect MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars
+        (wxRect updRect) const
+{
+    wxPoint pos(updRect.GetPosition());
+    pos = LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars(pos);
+    updRect.x = pos.x;
+    updRect.y = pos.y;
+    updRect.width /= m_fontW;
+    updRect.height /= m_fontH;
+    // the *CoordsToGraphicalChars() funcs round down to upper-left corner,
+    //   so an off-by-one correction is needed
+    ++updRect.width; // kludge
+    ++updRect.height; // kludge
+    return updRect;
+}
+
+wxPoint MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::LogicalCoordsToGraphicalChars
+        (wxPoint pos) const
+{
+    pos.x /= m_fontW;
+    pos.y /= m_fontH;
+    return pos;
+}
+
+wxPoint MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::GraphicalCharToLogicalCoords
+        (wxPoint pos) const
+{
+    pos.x *= m_fontW;
+    pos.y *= m_fontH;
+    return pos;
+}
+
+void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::MyRefresh()
+{
+    static wxPoint lastSelStart(-1, -1), lastCursor(-1, -1);
+    // refresh last selected area (to deselect previously selected text)
+    wxRect lastUpdRect(
+            GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(lastSelStart),
+            GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(lastCursor)
+        );
+    // off-by-one corrections, necessary because it's not possible to know
+    //   when to round up until rect is normalized by lastUpdRect constructor
+    lastUpdRect.width += m_fontW; // kludge
+    lastUpdRect.height += m_fontH; // kludge
+    // refresh currently selected (to select previously unselected text)
+    wxRect updRect(
+            GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(m_selStart),
+            GraphicalCharToDeviceCoords(m_cursor)
+        );
+    // off-by-one corrections
+    updRect.width += m_fontW; // kludge
+    updRect.height += m_fontH; // kludge
+    // find necessary refresh areas
+    wxCoord rx = lastUpdRect.x;
+    wxCoord ry = lastUpdRect.y;
+    wxCoord rw = updRect.x - lastUpdRect.x;
+    wxCoord rh = lastUpdRect.height;
+    if (rw && rh) {
+        RefreshRect(DCNormalize(rx, ry, rw, rh));
+    }
+    rx = updRect.x;
+    ry = updRect.y + updRect.height;
+    rw= updRect.width;
+    rh = (lastUpdRect.y + lastUpdRect.height) - (updRect.y + updRect.height);
+    if (rw && rh) {
+        RefreshRect(DCNormalize(rx, ry, rw, rh));
+    }
+    rx = updRect.x + updRect.width;
+    ry = lastUpdRect.y;
+    rw = (lastUpdRect.x + lastUpdRect.width) - (updRect.x + updRect.width);
+    rh = lastUpdRect.height;
+    if (rw && rh) {
+        RefreshRect(DCNormalize(rx, ry, rw, rh));
+    }
+    rx = updRect.x;
+    ry = lastUpdRect.y;
+    rw = updRect.width;
+    rh = updRect.y - lastUpdRect.y;
+    if (rw && rh) {
+        RefreshRect(DCNormalize(rx, ry, rw, rh));
+    }
+    // update last
+    lastSelStart = m_selStart;
+    lastCursor = m_cursor;
+}
+
+bool MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::IsSelected(int chX, int chY) const
+{
+    if (IsInside(chX, m_selStart.x, m_cursor.x)
+            && IsInside(chY, m_selStart.y, m_cursor.y)) {
+        return TRUE;
+    }
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+bool MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::IsInside(int k, int bound1, int bound2)
+{
+    if ((k >= bound1 && k <= bound2) || (k >= bound2 && k <= bound1)) {
+        return TRUE;
+    }
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
+wxRect MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::DCNormalize(wxCoord x, wxCoord y
+        , wxCoord w, wxCoord h)
+{
+    // this is needed to get rid of the graphical remnants from the selection
+    // I think it's because DrawRectangle() excludes a pixel in either direction
+    const int kludge = 1;
+    // make (x, y) the top-left corner
+    if (w < 0) {
+        w = -w + kludge;
+        x -= w;
+    } else {
+        x -= kludge;
+        w += kludge;
+    }
+    if (h < 0) {
+        h = -h + kludge;
+        y -= h;
+    } else {
+        y -= kludge;
+        h += kludge;
+    }
+    return wxRect(x, y, w, h);
+}
+
+void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnDraw(wxDC& dc)
+{
+    dc.SetFont(m_font);
+    wxBrush normBrush(wxSystemSettings::GetColour(wxSYS_COLOUR_WINDOW)
+            , wxSOLID);
+    wxBrush selBrush(wxSystemSettings::GetColour(wxSYS_COLOUR_HIGHLIGHT)
+            , wxSOLID);
+    dc.SetPen(*wxTRANSPARENT_PEN);
+    // draw the characters
+    // 1. for each update region
+    for (wxRegionIterator upd(GetUpdateRegion()); upd; ++upd) {
+        wxSize clientSize = GetClientSize();
+        wxRect updRect = upd.GetRect();
+        wxRect updRectInGChars(DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(updRect));
+        // 2. for each row of chars in the update region
+        for (int chY = updRectInGChars.y
+                ; chY <= updRectInGChars.y + updRectInGChars.height; ++chY) {
+            // 3. for each character in the row
+            for (int chX = updRectInGChars.x
+                    ; chX <= updRectInGChars.x + updRectInGChars.width
+                    ; ++chX) {
+                // 4. set up dc
+                if (IsSelected(chX, chY)) {
+                    dc.SetBrush(selBrush);
+                    dc.SetTextForeground( wxSystemSettings::GetColour
+                            (wxSYS_COLOUR_HIGHLIGHTTEXT));
+                } else {
+                    dc.SetBrush(normBrush);
+                    dc.SetTextForeground( wxSystemSettings::GetColour
+                            (wxSYS_COLOUR_WINDOWTEXT));
+                }
+                // 5. find position info
+                wxPoint charPos = GraphicalCharToLogicalCoords(wxPoint
+                        (chX, chY));
+                // 6. draw!
+                dc.DrawRectangle(charPos.x, charPos.y, m_fontW, m_fontH);
+                if (chY < sm_lineCnt && chX < sm_lineLen) {
+                    int charIndex = chY * sm_lineLen + chX;
+                    dc.DrawText(wxString(sm_testData[charIndex])
+                            , charPos.x, charPos.y);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseLeftDown(wxMouseEvent& event)
+{
+    // initial press of mouse button sets the beginning of the selection
+    m_selStart = DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(event.GetPosition());
+    // set the cursor to the same position
+    m_cursor = m_selStart;
+    // draw/erase selection
+    MyRefresh();
+}
+
+void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseLeftUp(wxMouseEvent& WXUNUSED(event))
+{
+    // this test is necessary
+    if (HasCapture()) {
+        // uncapture mouse
+        ReleaseMouse();
+    }
+}
+
+void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnMouseMove(wxMouseEvent& event)
+{
+    // if user is dragging
+    if (event.Dragging() && event.LeftIsDown()) {
+        // set the new cursor position
+        m_cursor = DeviceCoordsToGraphicalChars(event.GetPosition());
+        // draw/erase selection
+        MyRefresh();
+        // capture mouse to activate auto-scrolling
+        if (!HasCapture()) {
+            CaptureMouse();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::OnScroll(wxScrollWinEvent& event)
+{
+    // need to move the cursor when autoscrolling
+    // FIXME: the cursor also moves when the scrollbar arrows are clicked
+    if (HasCapture()) {
+        if (event.GetOrientation() == wxHORIZONTAL) {
+            if (event.m_eventType == wxEVT_SCROLLWIN_LINEUP) {
+                --m_cursor.x;
+            } else if (event.m_eventType == wxEVT_SCROLLWIN_LINEDOWN) {
+                ++m_cursor.x;
+            }
+        } else if (event.GetOrientation() == wxVERTICAL) {
+            if (event.m_eventType == wxEVT_SCROLLWIN_LINEUP) {
+                --m_cursor.y;
+            } else if (event.m_eventType == wxEVT_SCROLLWIN_LINEDOWN) {
+                ++m_cursor.y;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    MyRefresh();
+    event.Skip();
+}
+
+const int MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::sm_lineCnt = 125;
+const int MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::sm_lineLen = 79;
+const wxChar* MyAutoTimedScrollingWindow::sm_testData = _T("\
+162 Cult of the genius out of vanity.<2E> Because we think well of ourselves, but \
+nonetheless never suppose ourselves capable of producing a painting like one of\
+Raphael's or a dramatic scene like one of Shakespeare's, we convince ourselves \
+that the capacity to do so is quite extraordinarily marvelous, a wholly        \
+uncommon accident, or, if we are still religiously inclined, a mercy from on   \
+high. Thus our vanity, our self-love, promotes the cult of the genius: for only\
+if we think of him as being very remote from us, as a miraculum, does he not   \
+aggrieve us (even Goethe, who was without envy, called Shakespeare his star of \
+the most distant heights [\"William! Stern der sch<63>nsten Ferne\": from Goethe's, \
+\"Between Two Worlds\"]; in regard to which one might recall the lines: \"the     \
+stars, these we do not desire\" [from Goethe's, \"Comfort in Tears\"]). But, aside\
+from these suggestions of our vanity, the activity of the genius seems in no   \
+way fundamentally different from the activity of the inventor of machines, the \
+scholar of astronomy or history, the master of tactics. All these activities   \
+are explicable if one pictures to oneself people whose thinking is active in   \
+one direction, who employ everything as material, who always zealously observe \
+their own inner life and that of others, who perceive everywhere models and    \
+incentives, who never tire of combining together the means available to them.  \
+Genius too does nothing except learn first how to lay bricks then how to build,\
+except continually seek for material and continually form itself around it.    \
+Every activity of man is amazingly complicated, not only that of the genius:   \
+but none is a \"miracle.\"<EFBFBD> Whence, then, the belief that genius exists only in  \
+the artist, orator and philosopher? that only they have \"intuition\"? (Whereby  \
+they are supposed to possess a kind of miraculous eyeglass with which they can \
+see directly into \"the essence of the thing\"!) It is clear that people speak of\
+") _T("\
+genius only where the effects of the great intellect are most pleasant to them \
+and where they have no desire to feel envious. To call someone \"divine\" means: \
+\"here there is no need for us to compete.\" Then, everything finished and       \
+complete is regarded with admiration, everything still becoming is undervalued.\
+But no one can see in the work of the artist how it has become; that is its    \
+advantage, for wherever one can see the act of becoming one grows somewhat     \
+cool. The finished and perfect art of representation repulses all thinking as  \
+to how it has become; it tyrannizes as present completeness and perfection.    \
+That is why the masters of the art of representation count above all as gifted \
+with genius and why men of science do not. In reality, this evaluation of the  \
+former and undervaluation of the latter is only a piece of childishness in the \
+realm of reason.                                                               \
+                                                                               \
+                                                                               \
+163 The serious workman.<2E> Do not talk about giftedness, inborn talents! One can\
+name great men of all kinds who were very little gifted. The acquired          \
+greatness, became \"geniuses\" (as we put it), through qualities the lack of     \
+which no one who knew what they were would boast of: they all possessed that   \
+seriousness of the efficient workman which first learns to construct the parts \
+properly before it ventures to fashion a great whole; they allowed themselves  \
+time for it, because they took more pleasure in making the little, secondary   \
+things well than in the effect of a dazzling whole. the recipe for becoming a  \
+good novelist, for example, is easy to give, but to carry it out presupposes   \
+qualities one is accustomed to overlook when one says \"I do not have enough    \
+talent.\" One has only to make a hundred or so sketches for novels, none longer \
+") _T("\
+than two pages but of such distinctness that every word in them is necessary;  \
+one should write down anecdotes each day until one has learned how to give them\
+the most pregnant and effective form; one should be tireless in collecting and \
+describing human types and characters; one should above all relate things to   \
+others and listen to others relate, keeping one's eyes and ears open for the   \
+effect produced on those present, one should travel like a landscape painter or\
+costume designer; one should excerpt for oneself out of the individual sciences\
+everything that will produce an artistic effect when it is well described, one \
+should, finally, reflect on the motives of human actions, disdain no signpost  \
+to instruction about them and be a collector of these things by day and night. \
+One should continue in this many-sided exercise some ten years: what is then   \
+created in the workshop, however, will be fit to go out into the world.<2E> What, \
+however, do most people do? They begin, not with the parts, but with the whole.\
+Perhaps they chance to strike a right note, excite attention and from then on  \
+strike worse and worse notes, for good, natural reasons.<2E> Sometimes, when the  \
+character and intellect needed to formulate such a life-plan are lacking, fate \
+and need take their place and lead the future master step by step through all  \
+the stipulations of his trade.                                                 \
+                                                                               \
+                                                                               \
+164 Peril and profit in the cult of the genius.<2E> The belief in great, superior,\
+fruitful spirits is not necessarily, yet nonetheless is very frequently        \
+associated with that religious or semi-religious superstition that these       \
+spirits are of supra-human origin and possess certain miraculous abilities by  \
+virtue of which they acquire their knowledge by quite other means than the rest\
+") _T("\
+of mankind. One ascribes to them, it seems, a direct view of the nature of the \
+world, as it were a hole in the cloak of appearance, and believes that, by     \
+virtue of this miraculous seer's vision, they are able to communicate something\
+conclusive and decisive about man and the world without the toil and           \
+rigorousness required by science. As long as there continue to be those who    \
+believe in the miraculous in the domain of knowledge one can perhaps concede   \
+that these people themselves derive some benefit from their belief, inasmuch as\
+through their unconditional subjection to the great spirits they create for    \
+their own spirit during its time of development the finest form of discipline  \
+and schooling. On the other hand, it is at least questionable whether the      \
+superstitious belief in genius, in its privileges and special abilities, is of \
+benefit to the genius himself if it takes root in him. It is in any event a    \
+dangerous sign when a man is assailed by awe of himself, whether it be the     \
+celebrated Caesar's awe of Caesar or the awe of one's own genius now under     \
+consideration; when the sacrificial incense which is properly rendered only to \
+a god penetrates the brain of the genius, so that his head begins to swim and  \
+he comes to regard himself as something supra-human. The consequences that     \
+slowly result are: the feeling of irresponsibility, of exceptional rights, the \
+belief that he confers a favor by his mere presence, insane rage when anyone   \
+attempts even to compare him with others, let alone to rate him beneath them,  \
+or to draw attention to lapses in his work. Because he ceases to practice      \
+criticism of himself, at last one pinion after the other falls out of his      \
+plumage: that superstitious eats at the roots of his powers and perhaps even   \
+turns him into a hypocrite after his powers have fled from him. For the great  \
+spirits themselves it is therefore probably more beneficial if they acquire an \
+") _T("\
+insight into the nature and origin of their powers, if they grasp, that is to  \
+say, what purely human qualities have come together in them and what fortunate \
+circumstances attended them: in the first place undiminished energy, resolute  \
+application to individual goals, great personal courage, then the good fortune \
+to receive an upbringing which offered in the early years the finest teachers, \
+models and methods. To be sure, when their goal is the production of the       \
+greatest possible effect, unclarity with regard to oneself and that            \
+semi-insanity superadded to it has always achieved much; for what has been     \
+admired and envied at all times has been that power in them by virtue of which \
+they render men will-less and sweep them away into the delusion that the       \
+leaders they are following are supra-natural. Indeed, it elevates and inspires \
+men to believe that someone is in possession of supra-natural powers: to this  \
+extent Plato was right to say [Plato: Phaedrus, 244a] that madness has brought \
+the greatest of blessings upon mankind.<2E> In rare individual cases this portion \
+of madness may, indeed, actually have been the means by which such a nature,   \
+excessive in all directions, was held firmly together: in the life of          \
+individuals, too, illusions that are in themselves poisons often play the role \
+of healers; yet, in the end, in the case of every \"genius\" who believes in his \
+own divinity the poison shows itself to the same degree as his \"genius\" grows  \
+old: one may recall, for example, the case of Napoleon, whose nature certainly \
+grew into the mighty unity that sets him apart from all men of modern times    \
+precisely through his belief in himself and his star and through the contempt  \
+for men that flowed from it; until in the end, however, this same belief went  \
+over into an almost insane fatalism, robbed him of his acuteness and swiftness \
+of perception, and became the cause of his destruction.                        \
+");
+