diff --git a/include/wx/platinfo.h b/include/wx/platinfo.h
index 887e15cca1..a256aa08bd 100644
--- a/include/wx/platinfo.h
+++ b/include/wx/platinfo.h
@@ -296,6 +296,8 @@ public:
         { return GetEndiannessName(m_endian); }
     wxString GetCpuArchitectureName() const
         { return m_cpuArch; }
+    wxString GetNativeCpuArchitectureName() const
+        { return m_nativeCpuArch; }
     wxString GetOperatingSystemDescription() const
         { return m_osDesc; }
     wxString GetDesktopEnvironment() const
@@ -339,6 +341,8 @@ public:
         { m_endian = n; }
     void SetCpuArchitectureName(const wxString& cpuArch)
         { m_cpuArch = cpuArch; }
+    void SetNativeCpuArchitectureName(const wxString& cpuArch)
+        { m_nativeCpuArch = cpuArch; }
 
     void SetDesktopEnvironment(const wxString& de)
         { m_desktopEnv = de; }
@@ -427,6 +431,9 @@ protected:
 
     // CPU architecture family name, possibly empty if unknown
     wxString m_cpuArch;
+
+    // native CPU architecture family name, possibly empty if unknown
+    wxString m_nativeCpuArch;
 };
 
 // Returns true only for MSW programs running under Wine.
diff --git a/include/wx/utils.h b/include/wx/utils.h
index 274f2a1aaa..f87b92cf50 100644
--- a/include/wx/utils.h
+++ b/include/wx/utils.h
@@ -156,6 +156,9 @@ WXDLLIMPEXP_BASE bool wxIsPlatform64Bit();
 // Get machine CPU architecture
 WXDLLIMPEXP_BASE wxString wxGetCpuArchitectureName();
 
+// Get native machine CPU architecture
+WXDLLIMPEXP_BASE wxString wxGetNativeCpuArchitectureName();
+
 #ifdef __LINUX__
 // Get linux-distro information
 WXDLLIMPEXP_BASE wxLinuxDistributionInfo wxGetLinuxDistributionInfo();
diff --git a/interface/wx/platinfo.h b/interface/wx/platinfo.h
index fac08d23ad..84dce32573 100644
--- a/interface/wx/platinfo.h
+++ b/interface/wx/platinfo.h
@@ -410,12 +410,21 @@ public:
     /**
         Returns the CPU architecture name, if available.
 
-        @see wxGetCpuArchitectureName()
+        @see wxGetCpuArchitectureName(), GetNativeCpuArchitectureName()
 
         @since 3.1.5
      */
     wxString GetCpuArchitectureName() const;
 
+    /**
+        Returns the native CPU architecture name, if available.
+
+        @since 3.1.6
+
+        @see ::wxGetNativeCpuArchitectureName(), GetCpuArchitectureName()
+     */
+    wxString GetNativeCpuArchitectureName() const;
+
     /**
         Returns the run-time major version of the OS associated with this
         wxPlatformInfo instance.
diff --git a/interface/wx/utils.h b/interface/wx/utils.h
index 2731b414fe..e1fd9c37cf 100644
--- a/interface/wx/utils.h
+++ b/interface/wx/utils.h
@@ -1099,10 +1099,31 @@ bool wxIsPlatformLittleEndian();
     The returned string may be empty if the CPU architecture couldn't be
     recognized.
 
+    @see wxGetNativeCpuArchitectureName()
+
     @since 3.1.5
 */
 wxString wxGetCpuArchitectureName();
 
+/**
+    In some situations the current process and native CPU architecture may be
+    different. This returns the native CPU architecture regardless of the
+    current process CPU architecture.
+
+    Common examples for CPU architecture differences are the following:
+        - Win32 process in x64 Windows (WoW)
+        - Win32 or x64 process on ARM64 Windows (WoW64)
+        - x86_64 process on ARM64 macOS (Rosetta 2)
+
+    The returned string may be empty if the CPU architecture couldn't be
+    recognized.
+
+    @see wxGetCpuArchitectureName()
+
+    @since 3.1.6
+*/
+wxString wxGetNativeCpuArchitectureName();
+
 /**
     Returns a structure containing information about the currently running
     Linux distribution.
diff --git a/src/common/platinfo.cpp b/src/common/platinfo.cpp
index 38a9355ef2..3776576561 100644
--- a/src/common/platinfo.cpp
+++ b/src/common/platinfo.cpp
@@ -202,6 +202,7 @@ void wxPlatformInfo::InitForCurrentPlatform()
     m_endian = wxIsPlatformLittleEndian() ? wxENDIAN_LITTLE : wxENDIAN_BIG;
     m_bitness = wxIsPlatform64Bit() ? wxBITNESS_64 : wxBITNESS_32;
     m_cpuArch = wxGetCpuArchitectureName();
+    m_nativeCpuArch = wxGetNativeCpuArchitectureName();
 
 #ifdef __LINUX__
     m_ldi = wxGetLinuxDistributionInfo();
diff --git a/src/msw/utils.cpp b/src/msw/utils.cpp
index 3505230de3..6ca6c9c1fd 100644
--- a/src/msw/utils.cpp
+++ b/src/msw/utils.cpp
@@ -90,6 +90,14 @@
 #define PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE_ARM64 12
 #endif
 
+#ifndef IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64
+#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64 0xAA64
+#endif
+
+#ifndef IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARMNT
+#define IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARMNT 0x01c4
+#endif
+
 #include <errno.h>
 
 // For wxKillAllChildren
@@ -1312,8 +1320,52 @@ wxWinVersion wxGetWinVersion()
     return wxWinVersion_Unknown;
 }
 
+wxString wxGetCpuArchitecureNameFromImageType(USHORT imageType)
+{
+    switch (imageType)
+    {
+    case IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_I386:
+        return "x86";
+    case IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_AMD64:
+        return "x64";
+    case IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_IA64:
+        return "Itanium";
+    case IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARMNT:
+        return "arm";
+    case IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_ARM64:
+        return "arm64";
+    default:
+        return wxString();
+    }
+}
+
+// Wrap IsWow64Process2 API (Available since Win10 1511)
+BOOL wxIsWow64Process2(HANDLE hProcess, USHORT* pProcessMachine, USHORT* pNativeMachine)
+{
+#if wxUSE_DYNLIB_CLASS // Win32
+
+    typedef BOOL(WINAPI *IsWow64Process2_t)(HANDLE, USHORT *, USHORT *);
+
+    wxDynamicLibrary dllKernel32("kernel32.dll");
+    IsWow64Process2_t pfnIsWow64Process2 =
+        (IsWow64Process2_t)dllKernel32.RawGetSymbol("IsWow64Process2");
+
+    if (pfnIsWow64Process2)
+        return pfnIsWow64Process2(hProcess, pProcessMachine, pNativeMachine);
+    else
+#endif
+    return FALSE;
+}
+
 wxString wxGetCpuArchitectureName()
 {
+    // Try to get the current active CPU architecture via IsWow64Process2()
+    // first, fallback to GetNativeSystemInfo() otherwise
+    USHORT machine;
+    if (wxIsWow64Process2(::GetCurrentProcess(), &machine, NULL) &&
+        machine != IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN)
+        return wxGetCpuArchitecureNameFromImageType(machine);
+
     SYSTEM_INFO si;
     GetNativeSystemInfo(&si);
 
@@ -1340,6 +1392,18 @@ wxString wxGetCpuArchitectureName()
     }
 }
 
+wxString wxGetNativeCpuArchitectureName()
+{
+    USHORT machine;
+    USHORT nativeMachine;
+    if (wxIsWow64Process2(::GetCurrentProcess(), &machine, &nativeMachine))
+        return wxGetCpuArchitecureNameFromImageType(nativeMachine);
+    else
+        return wxGetCpuArchitectureName();
+}
+
+
+
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // sleep functions
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/src/unix/utilsunx.cpp b/src/unix/utilsunx.cpp
index 5a865fd8ad..863b08abb4 100644
--- a/src/unix/utilsunx.cpp
+++ b/src/unix/utilsunx.cpp
@@ -145,6 +145,10 @@
     #include <sys/resource.h>   // for setpriority()
 #endif
 
+#if defined(__DARWIN__)
+    #include <sys/sysctl.h>
+#endif
+
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // conditional compilation
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1124,6 +1128,19 @@ wxString wxGetCpuArchitectureName()
     return wxGetCommandOutput(wxT("uname -m"));
 }
 
+wxString wxGetNativeCpuArchitectureName()
+{
+#if defined(__DARWIN__)
+    // macOS on ARM will report an x86_64 process as translated, assume the native CPU is arm64
+    int translated;
+    size_t translated_size = sizeof(translated);
+    if (sysctlbyname("sysctl.proc_translated", &translated, &translated_size, NULL, 0) == 0)
+        return "arm64";
+    else
+#endif
+        return wxGetCpuArchitectureName();
+}
+
 #ifdef __LINUX__
 
 static bool